The agricultural sector is divided into crop production, which in Russia is represented by the cultivation of grains and vegetables, and animal husbandry, traditionally consisting of poultry farming and cattle breeding. All these production processes are multi-stage and require the collaboration of specialists from various fields of knowledge: biology and genetics, engineering, and management. Over time, the technical equipment of farms is improving, and myths about low wages in this industry are disappearing. However, professionals working in agriculture still spend a lot of time in the field.

These professions require knowledge at the intersection of biology, geography, geology, computer science, and law. There is also a wide range of employers, including research and expert bureaus, government agencies related to natural resource management, and commercial enterprises.